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10 STATES STANDARD FOR WASTEWATER FACILITIES
"Weighing Scales shall be provided for weighing cylinders, at
all plants utilizing chlorine gas; shall be provided to measure fluoride
solution feed; should be provided for volumetric dry chemical feeders…"
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10 STATES STANDARD FOR WATER FACILITIES
"5.1.2 Control
e. Provisions
shall be made for measuring the quantities of chemicals used.
f. Weighing scales
1. shall be provided for weighing cylinders at all plants utilizing
chlorine gas,
2. may be required for fluoride solution feed,
3. should be provided for volumetric dry chemical feeders, and
4. shall be capable of providing reasonable precision in relation to
average daily dose."
"5.1.11
Day tanks
d. Day tanks shall be scale-mounted"
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MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Scales shall be constructed of durable material to withstand the aggressive
environment and situated such that they can be easily and accurately read
through a viewing window or use of a remote readout.
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MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Suggested Practices for Fluoride Design
"Scales or other loss-of-weight recorders, …. shall be provided
for fluoride solution day tanks."
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MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Case Studies
"The peak fluoride feed rate during the event was approximately
14 mg/L. This was only an estimate because there is no day tank or routine
daily volume or weight measurements for fluoride used"
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CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL (CDC)
Engineering and Administrative Recommendations for Water Fluoridation,
1995
"Day tanks or direct acid-feed carboys/drums should be located on scales;
daily weights should be measured and recorded. Volumetric measurements,
such as marking the side of the day tank, are not adequate for monitoring
acid feed systems."
"Scales
must be provided for weighing the amount of chemicals used in the dry
feeder."
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AWWA MANUAL M4:
Water Fluoridation Principles and Practices, Third edition:
"In any fluoridation installation, except one based on a sodium
fluoride saturator, scales are necessary for weighing the quantity of
dry material to be used in preparing the solution, the quantity of solution
fed, or the quantity of fluoride compound or hydrofluosilicic acid delivered
by the appropriate feeder." -Page 26
"Alarms: To prevent underfeeding or loss of feed, alarm systems
can be included in either solution or dry feed systems. The alarm alerts
the operator when the level of solution in the day tank is low or when
it is time to add chemical." -Page 30
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THE CHLORINE INSTITUTE
Pamphlet 1, "The Chlorine Manual"
"Weighing-Because chlorine is shipped as a compressed liquefied gas,
the pressure in a container depends on the temperature of the chlorine.
The pressure is not related to the amount of chlorine in the container.
Container contents can be determined accurately only by weighing."
–Page 10, Section 2.8.4
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COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION
CGA G-2 Manual
"Determining when cylinders are empty-Weighing. The best way to determine
if an ammonia cylinder is empty is to weigh it, without cap, and compare
the weight with the tare weight stamped on the cylinder." -Page 36,
Section 8.9.1
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These documents may not represent a complete
list of regulations, recommendations or guidelines. Always consult your
local agencies to determine which specific guidelines, recommendations
or regulations affect your water or wastewater treatment operation.
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